Biotechnology is technology
based on biology, especially when used in agriculture, food science, and
medicine. The UN Convention on
Biological Diversity has come up with one of many definitions of biotechnology:
"Biotechnology means any technological application that uses
biological systems, living organisms, or derivatives thereof, to make or modify
products or processes for specific use."
For thousands of years, humankind has used biotechnology in agriculture, food
production, and medicine. The term itself is largely believed to
have been coined in 1919 by Hungarian engineer Karoly Ereky. In the late
20th and early 21st century, biotechnology has expanded to include new and
diverse sciences such as genomics, recombinant
gene technologies,
applied immunology, and
development of pharmaceutical therapies and diagnostic
tests.
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